I never heard the program, but was reminded to look up "Alpha" (or was it going to be "Alfa"?) and "search engine" on Google.
Sure enough: That's right: Wolfram|Alpha--or WolframAlpha!
I don't see why NPR wanted to correlate it with--or against--Google. It seems to have a very different purpose: it doesn't do searches; instead, it does amazing calculations and manipulations of data.
Check it out. And see what it does by trying some of the "few things to try" over on the right-hand side of the page.

It seems rather limited at the moment, and not everything seems to be working. (Their introductory video, for example, isn't working as I write this.)
I don't have any burning uses for this engine quite yet. But I can see how it might prove very valuable for a number of scholars!
For more information, check out their FAQ page.
The potential is great, but we'll have to see how things pan out in the future!